过去分词💫🌟✨,简单来说就是动词的一种非谓语形式,主要用来表示完成或被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当各种成分,比如定语、状语、补语和表语等等。是不是感觉有点复杂?🤯 别担心!💖 看完这篇笔记,保证你对过去分词的用法了如指掌!💯
先来个热乎乎的例子🔥:
“The broken vase lay on the floor.” (破碎的花瓶躺在地上。)
这里的”broken”就是”break”的过去分词形式,作定语修饰”vase”,表示花瓶的状态是被打碎的。
是不是一下子就理解了?👏
接下来,我们就深入浅出地探讨一下过去分词的各种用法吧!🤓
一、过去分词作定语
这是过去分词最常见的用法之一。它可以放在名词前面作前置定语,也可以放在名词后面作后置定语。
1. 前置定语:就像上面的例子”broken vase”,过去分词直接修饰后面的名词。再来几个例子:
boiled water (开水)
fried chicken (炸鸡)
fallen leaves (落叶)
是不是很简单?😄
2. 后置定语:当过去分词构成短语修饰名词时,通常放在名词后面。相当于一个定语从句。
The books written by Mo Yan are very popular. (莫言写的书很受欢迎。) 相当于:The books which were written by Mo Yan are very popular.
The meeting held yesterday was very important. (昨天举行的会议很重要。) 相当于:The meeting which was held yesterday was very important.
看到这里,是不是感觉清晰多了?🤩
二、过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语,通常表示主语的状态或感受。
I’m interested in English. (我对英语感兴趣。)
She was surprised by the news. (她对这个消息感到惊讶。)
The window is broken. (窗户破了。)
注意⚠️:过去分词作表语强调状态,而被动语态强调动作。
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可以作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语的状态或所承受的动作。常见的动词有:see, hear, find, get, have, make, keep 等。
I saw him beaten by a group of boys. (我看到他被一群男孩打了。)
He had his hair cut yesterday. (他昨天剪了头发。)
I found the door locked. (我发现门锁了。)
记住这些动词,就能轻松掌握过去分词作宾语补足语的用法啦!💪
四、过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等。
1. 时间状语:
Seen from the hill, the city looks beautiful. (从山上看,这座城市很漂亮。) 相当于:When it is seen from the hill,…
2. 原因状语:
Encouraged by his teacher, he worked harder. (受到老师的鼓励,他学习更努力了。) 相当于:Because he was encouraged by his teacher,…
3. 条件状语:
Heated, water will become steam. (加热后,水会变成蒸汽。) 相当于:If it is heated,…
4. 让步状语:
Defeated, he didn’t lose heart. (虽然被打败了,但他没有失去信心。) 相当于:Although he was defeated,…
5. 伴随状语:
The teacher came in, followed by some students. (老师进来了,后面跟着一些学生。)
怎么样?是不是感觉过去分词的功能很强大?🥳
五、过去分词的独立主格结构
这是过去分词的较高级用法,表示一种伴随的状态或情况。
The meeting being over, everyone went home. (会议结束后,大家都回家了。)
Weather permitting, we will go for a picnic tomorrow. (如果天气允许,我们明天去野餐。)
掌握了独立主格结构,你的英语表达会更加地道哦!💯
最后,总结一下💖:过去分词用法多样,可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语,还可以构成独立主格结构。记住这些用法,并在日常生活中多加练习,你就能轻松掌握过去分词啦!🎉
希望这篇笔记对大家有所帮助!😊 喜欢的话就点个赞👍吧!